µÚÒ»½×¶Î£º
¹¹¼ÜÈ«¾°ÊÓͼ¡ª¡ªºËÐÄ¿ª·¢¹ý³Ì
ÏîĿչʾ
չʾÒÔÍù³É¹¦ÊµÊ©UML&OOADÓëUPµÄÏîĿʵÀý
ÒÔ¹¹¼ÜΪÖÐÐĵĿª·¢¹ý³Ì¡ª¡ªUPͳһÈí¼þ¹ý³Ì
È«ÃæËµÃ÷UPͳһÈí¼þ¹ý³ÌµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬°üÀ¨½ÇÉ«£¬¹¤¼þ£¬ºÍ»î¶¯£¨ÒµÎñ¡¢ÐèÇóµÈ¾Å´ó¿ÆÄ¿£©£»
½²½âÈí¼þ¿ª·¢Ëù¾ÀúµÄ´ÓÒµÎñ½¨Ä££¨ÁìÓò½¨Ä££©¡¢µ½ÐèÇó½¨Ä££¨ÓÃÀý½¨Ä££©¡¢½ø¶øµ½¼Ü¡¢½¨Ä£¡¢ÐÐΪ£¨Ó¦Ó㩽¨Ä£¡¢Êý¾Ý½¨Ä££¬×îºóµ½²âÊÔ½¨Ä£µÄÕû¸ö¹ý³Ì
²ûÊöµü´úÄ£ÐÍ£¬Ïêϸ½²½âRUPµÄÏÈÆô½×¶ÎºÍ¾«»¯½×¶ÎµÄµü´úÄÚÈÝ
¶Ô±ÈRUPÖØÁ¿¼¶¹ý³ÌÓëÇáÁ¿¼¶¹ý³ÌXP¡¢Agile
ProcessµÄ²î±ð£¬ÒÔ¼°¸÷×ÔµÄÊÊÓ÷¶Î§
½²½âUML
9ÖÖͼÐμ°Ó¦ÓÃ
ÓÃÀýÇý¶¯µÄÐèÇ󿪷¢
¶Ô±ÈÓÃÀý·½·¨Ó봫ͳÐèÇ󿪷¢·½·¨µÄÓÅÁÓ£»ÓÃÀýÄ£ÐÍÔÚ±í´ï¹¦ÄÜÐèÇóÖеĺËÐÄ×÷Óã»
½âÊÍÊÕ¼¯ÐÅÏ¢µÄ¹ý³Ì£¬½âÊÍ×÷ÓÃÓòר¼ÒµÄ½ÇÉ«
дһ¸öÃ÷È·µÄproblem
statements
È·¶¨½¨ÉèºÍά»¤Êý¾Ý×ÖµäµÄÖØÒªÐÔ
²ûÊÍÈçºÎÕýȷʹÓÃÓÃÀý¼¼ÊõÀ´²¶»ñ¿Í»§µÄ¹¦ÄÜÐèÇó£»
ÐèÇó½¨Ä£ÊµÑé
ͨ¹ýÒ»¸ö¼ò»¯µÄÏîĿʵÀý£¬½²½âÈçºÎ½¨Á¢ÐèÇó£¨ÓÃÀý£©Ä£ÐÍ£»Õë¶ÔÑ¡¶¨µÄÏîĿʵÀý£¬Ö¸µ¼Ñ§Ô±Ê¹ÓÃÎĵµ¡¢»î¶¯Í¼/ÐòÁÐͼµÈ;¾¶ÏêÊöϵͳÓÃÀýµÄ¹æ¸ñ
ÃæÏò¶ÔÏó·ÖÎö
²ûÊö´Ó·ÖÎöÄ£Ð͵½Éè¼ÆÄ£ÐÍ£¬×îÖÕµ½ÊµÊ©Ä£Ð͵ÄÕû¸öÑÝ»¯¹ý³Ì£»
½²½â·ÖÎöÀàµÄ¸ÅÄ˵Ã÷±ß½çÀࡢʵÌåÀàºÍ¿ØÖÆÀàµÄ»®·ÖÓëÖ°Ôð·ÖÅä·½·¨
½²½âÈçºÎ´ÓÓÃÀýÐÐΪÖÐʶ±ð·ÖÎöÀ࣬²¢½«Ïà¹ØÐÐΪÏò·ÖÎöÀà½øÐÐÖ°Ôð·ÖÅ䣻˵Ã÷ʹÓÃÐòÁÐͼÓëÐ×÷ͼÀ´°ïÖúÓÃÀý·ÖÎöµÄ;¾¶£»
˵Ã÷ÈçºÎÔڽϴó¹æÄ£µÄϵͳÖУ¬½«ÖÚ¶àµÄ·ÖÎöÀà×éÖ¯³É·ÖÎö°üºÍ·þÎñ°ü
ÃæÏò¶ÔÏó·ÖÎöʵÑé
ÒÀÕÕÏîĿʵÀýÒѽ¨Á¢µÄÐèÇóÄ£ÐÍ£¬½²½â½øÐÐÓÃÀý·ÖÎöµÄ¹ý³Ì£»Õë¶ÔÑ¡¶¨µÄÏîĿʵÀý£¬Ê¶±ð·ÖÎöÀ࣬ʹÓÃÐòÁÐͼ»òÐ×÷ͼÀ´ÃèÊö»ùÓÚÕâЩ·ÖÎöÀàÀ´ÊµÏÖÓÃÀýÐÐΪËù´ú±íµÄϵͳ¹¦ÄÜÐèÇó£»
µÚ¶þ½×¶Î£º
¹¹¼Ü·ÖÎö
Èí¼þ¹¹¼Üµ¼ÂÛ
²ûÊöÈí¼þ¹¹¼ÜÊÇʲô£¬½²½âΪʲôÐèÒªÈí¼þ¹¹¼Ü£¬²ûÊö¹¹¼Ü»ùÏߵĸÅÄ
½éÉܵü´ú¿ª·¢¸÷¸ö½×¶ÎÐèÒª½â¾öµÄ¸÷Àà¹Ø¼ü·çÏÕ£¬·ÖÎö¹¹¼Ü»ùÏßÊÇÈçºÎ¹æ±ÜÏîÄ¿¿ª·¢·çÏÕµÄ
»Ø¹ËRUPµÄ·ÖÎöÉè¼Æ¹ý³Ì£¬ËµÃ÷¹¹¼Ü·ÖÎö¡¢Éè¼ÆÔÚÆäÖеĹؼüλÖã»
½éÉܹ¹¼ÜÉè¼ÆµÄÏà¹ØÀíÂÛ£¨ÔªÄ£ÐÍÌåϵ£©£¬ÒÔ¼°Òµ½çÖ÷Á÷µÄ¹¹¼ÜÌåϵģÐÍ
¹¹¼Ü·ç¸ñÓëģʽ
²ûÊö¹¹¼Ü·ç¸ñµÄ¸ÅÄ½éÉܳ£¼ûµÄÏà¹Ø¹¹¼Ü·ç¸ñ£»
½²½â¹¹¼ÜģʽºÍ¿ò¼Ü£¬ÒÔ¼°ÈçºÎÓ¦Óù¹¼ÜģʽÓë¿ò¼ÜÀ´´´½¨½¡×³µÄ¹¹¼Ü£»
ÖØµã½²Êö²ã´Îģʽ£¬ÉîÈë̽ÌÖÓ¦Óòã´ÎģʽÀ´°ïÖú¿ª·¢ÏµÍ³³õʼµÄ¹¹¼Ü²ã
Èí¼þ¹¹¼Ü·ÖÎö
·ÖÎö³éÏó¸ÅÄîÔÚ¹¹¼Ü·ÖÎöÖеÄ×÷Ó㻽éÉÜÈçºÎʹÓ÷ÖÎöģʽ¡¢GRASPģʽÀ´¾«»¯ÊµÌåÄ£ÐÍ£»
½²½âÈçºÎ¿ª·¢ÏµÍ³µÄ½çÃæµ¼º½Í¼À´¿ò¶¨ÏµÍ³µÄÖ÷Ì幦ÄÜÐÐΪ£»
²ûÊö¹¹¼Ü»úÖÆµÄ¸ÅÄÉîÈë˵Ã÷·ÖÎö»úÖÆ£¬½²½âÈçºÎʹÓ÷ÖÎö»úÖÆÀ´ÐÞÊηÖÎöÀàÖ®Éè¼ÆÔ¼Êø£»
½éÉÜ×îеĴúÂë×¢Êͼ¼Êõ£¬½²½âÈçºÎʹÓÃejb3.0µÄannotationÀ´ÐÞÊÎÉè¼ÆÔ¼Êø£¨·ÖÎö»úÖÆÌØÕ÷£©£¬²¢ÀûÓÃÒÑÓпò¼ÜÖ±½Ó½øÈëʵÏÖ
µÚÈý½×¶Î£º
¹¹¼Ü(Âß¼)Éè¼Æ
Èí¼þ¹¹¼Ü£¨Âß¼£©Éè¼Æ
²ûÊöÈí¼þ¹¹¼ÜÉè¼ÆËùÃæÁÙµÄÌôÕ½£¬ËµÃ÷¹¹¼ÜÉè¼ÆµÄÖÊÁ¿Ä¿±ê£º¿Éά»¤ÐÔ¡¢¿ÉÀ©Õ¹ÐÔ¡¢¿ÉÖØÓÃÐÔ¡¢»¥²Ù×÷ÐԵȣ»½²½â¹¹¼ÜÉè¼ÆÏà¹ØµÄһЩÔÔò£»
Ñ¡Ôñ¹¹¼Ü¼¶¼¼Êõ·½°¸µÄÖ¸ÄÏ£¬½²½âÈçºÎÕë¶ÔÏµÍ³ÌØÕ÷À´È·¶¨¹¹¼Ü¼¶¼¼Êõ·½°¸£»
½éÉÜSEI-ATAM¹¹¼ÜÕÛÖÔ·ÖÎö·½·¨£»²¢½²½â¹¹¼ÜÉè¼ÆÈçºÎ·´×÷ÓÃÓÚϵͳÐÐΪ£»
²ûÊöÉè¼ÆÄ£Ð͵Ä×éÖ¯½á¹¹£¬ËµÃ÷ÈçºÎ½øÐй¹¼Ü¼¶µÄ·Ö°ü£¬ÒÔ¼°»®·Ö×Óϵͳ¡¢¶¨Òå½Ó¿ÚµÈ£»
AOPÃæÏò·½ÃæµÄÈí¼þ¿ª·¢¼¼Êõ£»½²½âÈçºÎʹÓÃAOPÀ´ÊµÏÖ×îΪÁé»îµÄÉè¼Æ»úÖÆ£»
ÃæÏò¶ÔÏóÉè¼ÆÔÔòÓëģʽ
½²½âÃæÏò¶ÔÏóÉè¼ÆÖеÄ×îÖØÒªµÄÔÔò£¬°üÀ¨ÀàµÄÉè¼ÆÔÔòºÍ°üµÄÉè¼ÆÔÔò£»
½áºÏʵÀý²ûÊöÔÚʵ¼ÊÉè¼Æ£¬ÌرðÊǹ¹¼ÜÉè¼ÆÖУ¬Ó¦ÓÃÉè¼ÆÔÔòµÄ·½·¨¡¢Í¾¾¶£»ËµÃ÷±£³Öƽ̨Ïà¹ØµÄϸ½ÚºÍÓ¦ÓõķÖÀ룬ÈçºÎÓ¦Ó÷â×°£¬³éÏó(abstraction)ºÍίÅÉ(delegation)µÄÔÔòµÈ£»
²ûÊöÈí¼þ¹¹ÔìÖеÄÈßÓ࣬˵Ã÷ÔÚ¹¹¼ÜÉè¼ÆÖÐÈçºÎʶ±ðºÍÀûÓø´Óûú»á£»½á¹¹ÉϵÄÈ¥ÈßÓà;¾¶£¬
̽ÌÖÔªÊý¾ÝÇý¶¯¼¼ÊõÔÚ²úÆ·¶þ´Î¿ª·¢ÉϵÄÓ¦ÓòßÂÔ£»
J2EE/Java
LiteÓëdot.Net¹¹¼Ü¿ò¼Ü¡¢ÒÔ¼°»ùÓÚ·þÎñµÄ¹¹¼ÜSOA
ϵͳµØ²ûÊöÒµÎñÃܼ¯ÐÍÈí¼þϵͳµÄÖ÷Á÷·Ö²ã¹¹¼ÜÉè¼ÆÍ¾¾¶£º´Ó±íʾ²ãÉè¼Æ¡¢Ó¦ÓÿØÖÆÂß¼Éè¼Æ¡¢µ½ÒµÎñÂß¼²ãµÄ¹¤×÷Á÷Éè¼Æ¡¢ÒÔ¼°ÒµÎñ·þÎñ¹¹¼þÉè¼Æ£¬×îÖÕµ½Êý¾Ý·ÃÎʲãÉè¼ÆµÈ£»
½éÉܵ±Ç°ÒµÎñÈí¼þÖ÷Á÷¹¹¼ÜÓ¦Óÿò¼ÜÒÔ¼°Öмä¼þÌåϵ£¬°üÀ¨£º
J2EEÖØÁ¿¼¶·½°¸£¨ÒÔJ2EEºËÐĹ¹¼ÜģʽΪÖ÷£©
Java
LiteÇáÁ¿¼¶·½°¸£¨Î§ÈÆStruts+Spring+Hibernate£©
dot.Net·½°¸£¨ÒÔ΢ÈíµÄºËÐĹ¹¼ÜģʽΪÖ÷£©
²ûÊöSOA¹¹¼ÜÉè¼Æ·½°¸£¬ËµÃ÷SOAÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¶ÀÁ¢ÐÔÇ¿¡¢ÒÀÀµÐÔÈõ£¬¾ßÓиüÓÅÁ¼µÄ¿É¸´ÓÃÐԵĻùÓÚ¹¹¼þCBDµÄ¹¹¼Ü¿ª·¢·½°¸£»½éÉÜʵÏÖSOAµÄ³£Óü¼Êõ£ºWeb
Services£»
½éÉÜ»ùÓÚSOAµÄJBoss¹¹¼ÜʵÀý£»
µÚËĽ׶Σº
¹¹¼Ü£¨ÎïÀí£©Éè¼ÆÓëÍŶÓÐ×÷
Èí¼þ¹¹¼Ü£¨ÎïÀí£©Éè¼Æ
²ûÊöÔ´ÂëµÄ²¢Ðпª·¢¹ÜÀí£¬½ø¶ø½²½â¹¹¼þÊÓͼ£¨ÊµÊ©Ä£ÐÍ£©µÄ¸ÅÄ
²ûÊöÈí¼þϵͳÖеIJ¢·¢ÐèÇ󣬽ø¶ø½²½â½ø³ÌÊÓͼµÄ¸ÅÄ¼´Í¨³£ËµµÄÎïÀíÉè¼ÆÊÓͼ£©£»
²ûÊöÈí¼þϵͳÖеķֲ¼ÐèÇ󣬽ø¶ø½²½â²¿ÊðÊÓͼµÄ¸ÅÄ¼´Í¨³£ËµµÄÎïÀíÉè¼ÆÊÓͼ£©£»
Èí¼þ¹¹¼Ü£¨Êý¾Ý£©Éè¼ÆÓë¶ÔÏó³Ö¾Ã»¯
½²½â¶ÔÒµÎñÃܼ¯ÏµÍ³ÒâÒåÖØ´óµÄÊý¾Ý¿âÉè¼ÆÓëÊý¾Ý½¨Ä££»
²ûÊö¶ÔÏó³Ö¾Ã»¯µÄ¸ÅÄÃèÊö³Ö¾Ã»¯»úÖÆ£¬°üÀ¨¶ÔÓ¦µÄ·ÖÎö¡¢Éè¼ÆºÍʵʩµÈ»úÖÆ£»
²ûÊöObject-Relationship
Mapping¶ÔÏó¹ØÏµÓ³ÉäµÄ¸ÅÄ½áºÏʵÀý˵Ã÷ʵÏÖ¶ÔÏó¹ØÏµÓ³ÉäµÄ;¾¶ºÍ·½·¨£¬²¢¸ø³ö»ùÓÚHibernate»òejb3.0µÄ³Ö¾Ã»¯ÊµÏÖ£»
Êý¾Ý·ÃÎÊģʽ£¬ÀýÈçÔÚÏß·ÃÎÊ¡¢Data
Access Object¡¢Data
Transfer Object¡¢ÀëÏßÊý¾ÝģʽµÈ
Èí¼þ¹¹¼ÜÎĵµÓë¹¹¼ÜÖÊÁ¿ÆÀ¹À
½øÒ»²½ÉîÈë²ûÊö4+1ÊÓͼµÄ¸ÅÄ½²½âRUPµÄÈí¼þ¹¹¼ÜÎĵµ£»
˵Ã÷Èí¼þ¹¹¼ÜÎĵµµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬²¢¸ø³ö±àдÈí¼þ¹¹¼ÜÎĵµ£¬ºÍÓÃËüÀ´Ö¸µ¼Ä¿±êϵͳ¿ª·¢µÄÖ¸ÄÏ£»
˵Ã÷¹¹¼ÜÉè¼ÆÁ÷³ÌÖУ¬½â¾ö·½°¸µÄ¹¹Ë¼¡¢¸ÅÄîÉè¼ÆµÄ´´½¨¡¢Âß¼Éè¼ÆµÄ´´½¨¡¢ÎïÀíÉè¼ÆµÄ´´½¨µÈÈçºÎ¶ÔÓ¦µ½RUPµÄ4+1ÊÓͼ£»
ÏîÄ¿¿ª·¢Ä¿Â¼½á¹¹ÅäÖùÜÀí
½²½âÈçºÎ¶¨ÒåÏîÄ¿¿ª·¢Ä¿Â¼½á¹¹£¬ÒÔÖ§³ÖÍŶӵÄÐ×÷¿ª·¢£»
½²½âÈçºÎʹÓÃÅäÖùÜÀí¹¤¾ßÀ´Ö§³ÖÏîÄ¿¿ª·¢Ä¿Â¼½á¹¹µÄ¹²ÏíʹÓã»
˵Ã÷Ŀ¼½á¹¹µÄÉè¼ÆÔÔòºÍ·½·¨£»